
Boutique
A small firm offering highly specialized services to business, governments and civil society, big and small, North and South...
Advisory
… identifying and proposing professional and pragmatic solutions to political and social challenges...
Services
… using and developing innovative expertise and insight for anyone interested in what is right to do rather than what is easy to execute.

Sunday
01/01/2023
WHAT WE DO
We operate at the intersection of geopolitics, regulation and corporate responsibility — supporting companies, investors, governments and civil society in high-risk environments.
We help everyone from business, government, international organizations and civil society develop a deeper understanding of the political and social challenges of the global economy and to contribute to responsible decision making on critical management and policy issues.
We work across groups, geographies, sectors, industries with anyone who shares our goals and excites our interests to make informed choices, mitigate risk, maximize opportunities and grow responsibly in the process.
We bring passion and pragmatism. And we love a good challenge.
OUR APPROACH
Transforming Principles into Practices
1. Severity First
We prioritise what matters most — risks that are severe, irreversible, and often overlooked.
2. From Analysis to Decision
We move beyond diagnosis to define escalation thresholds, governance triggers and operational choices.
3. Bridging Standards and Practice
We translate UNGPs, OECD frameworks and international law into implementable approaches.
4. Built for Scrutiny
Our work stands up to investor, regulatory, legal and civil society review.
WHO WE WORK WITH
We work with organisations operating where decisions carry legal, political and societal consequences.
Our clients operate where decisions are visible, contested and consequential — across business, finance, government and international systems.
They cannot afford to get it wrong.
Compagnies
We advise companies operating in high-risk, high-stakes environments — including large-scale projects, strategic sectors and complex supply chains.
Our work supports senior leadership in navigating:
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exposure to severe human rights risks,
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regulatory and legal scrutiny,
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and operational decisions under pressure.
Investors
We work with investors facing increasing expectations to understand and act on human rights and conflict-related risk.
We support:
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prioritisation of portfolio exposure,
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structured engagement and escalation,
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and the use of leverage in complex and politically sensitive contexts.
Governments & Public Institutions
We support governments and public actors designing and implementing frameworks at the intersection of economic activity, governance, human rights and peacebuilding.
Our work addresses:
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policy design and implementation challenges,
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regulatory coherence,
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and the management of risk in fragile and politically complex environments.
Civil Society & International Organisations
We work with civil society actors and international organisations engaged in accountability, policy development and operational programmes.
Our role is to bring:
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analytical clarity,
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cross-system perspective,
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and practical pathways for engagement with both public and private actors.
SERVICES
We support companies, investors, governments, civil society and international organisations in navigating human rights, conflict and governance challenges in complex and high-risk environments.
Our work sits at the intersection of business, finance, policy and stakeholder realities — translating international standards into systems that inform real decisions.
Strategic Advisory
We support boards, senior executives, investors, governments, civil society and international organisations in embedding the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights and international standards of responsible business conduct into governance, decision-making and oversight.
We design systems that hold across institutions — and withstand regulatory, political, investor and public scrutiny.
Risk & Due Diligence
We conduct rigorous human rights risk and impact assessments across operations, value chains, investment portfolios and policy environments.
Our approach prioritises severity, foreseeability and leverage — not optics — and translates risk into actionable governance decisions.
We support senior decision-makers during periods of escalation, disruption or crisis, providing rapid analysis, scenario modeling and governance guidance when timing is critical.
Conflict & Fragile Contexts
We advise companies, investors and public actors on heightened due diligence in fragile and conflict-affected settings, including exposure to international humanitarian and criminal law risk.
We provide confidential scenario analysis, escalation frameworks and governance stress-testing in periods of volatility.
Stakeholder Engagement
We design stakeholder engagement processes that inform decisions, not just dialogue.
We structure engagement in ways that surface salient risks, power dynamics and operational constraints, focusing on credibility, inclusiveness and impact, ensuring that engagement with affected stakeholders translates into clear governance choices and measurable outcomes.
Institutional Strengthening
We support organisations in moving from commitments to systems that function across institutions — from corporate governance and investor oversight to public policy and multilateral frameworks.
Our work focuses on aligning institutions, incentives and implementation, ensuring that human rights commitments translate into operational practice and sustained outcomes.
WHO WE ARE
Pluto Advisory is a strategic advisory firm operating at the intersection of geopolitics, public policy and corporate responsibility. Ourwork is defined by a clear principle: from policy to practice — and from analysis to decision.
We support companies, investors, governments, civil society and international organisations in navigating complex environments where human rights, conflict dynamics and regulatory expectations converge.
Our work focuses on translating international standards — including the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights — into governance systems, decision frameworks and operational practices that hold under scrutiny.
Pluto operates through a global network of senior experts, combining policy depth, legal understanding and operational experience to deliver advice that is both analytically rigorous and practically implementable.
Leadership
Pluto Advisory is led by Gerald Pachoud, an international expert on business, human rights and governance in complex environments.
Gerald has worked at the centre of key developments shaping the field, from early initiatives linking finance and sustainability to the development and global adoption of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. His work consistently bridges policy design and operational application, across corporate, financial and public sectors.
Before founding Pluto in 2015, Gerald held senior roles within the United Nations and the Swiss government. He was closely involved in the conceptual, political and operational development of the UN Guiding Principles, having the pleasure and the honor of working alongside Professor John Ruggie. He later served as Principal Officer in the Executive Office of the UN Secretary-General, focusing on strategy, partnerships and private sector engagement, including in fragile and conflict-affected contexts and in the lead-up to the Sustainable Development Goals.
Earlier, he led the programme on business and human security at the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs.
In parallel to his work at Pluto, Gerald is Professor of Practice at SOAS School of Law, University of London, Senior Advisor to the Global Business Initiative on Human Rights (GBI) and Special Advisor to the Geneva Peacebuilding Platform, board advisor to leading industry and multi-stakeholder initiatives, including on responsible supply chains. He has also served on advisory and governance bodies across the corporate and financial sectors, including the Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Initiative, championing responsible supply chain practices, the SRI Advisory Board of asset management company Candriam and the Governing Board of ACCESS Facility, advocating for non-judicial grievance mechanisms to resolve conflicts between companies and communities.
INSIGHTS
Some of our public contributions on key issues shaping global challenges and opportunities ahead.
03/26
BLIND SPOT IN THE BOARDROOM
Why businesses ignore international criminal law,
and why they shouldn’t

IN MEMORY OF
JOHN G. RUGGIE
Pluto would have never existed without Professor John G. Ruggie who sadly passed away on September 16, 2021. These few words are a simple chance to remember what he shared and honor his memory.
The world will miss a brilliant mind, a pioneering academic and an outstanding policy maker. Like many others, I will miss a mentor, a friend, and a constant inspiration to do better.
Throughout his career, John was a tireless advocate for social justice and, in his words, the need to combat the emergence of ugly “isms”, securing respect for human rights as a central aim of governance at all levels, from the local to the global, and in the private sector no less than in the public domain.
As UN Assistant Secretary-General, he was one of the architects of the United Nations Global Compact and the precursors of the SDGs, the Millennium Development Goals. More than many within and outside the United Nations, John best understood the importance of human rights to peace and economic development. At a time when multilateralism and basic shared understanding of what human dignity is face severe challenges, his voice and wisdom will be missed.
Always championing his principled pragmatism approach - “an unflinching commitment to the principle of strengthening the promotion and protection of human rights as it relates to business, coupled with a pragmatic attachment to what works best in creating change where it matters most-in the daily lives of people”- John will always be remembered for what became known as “the Ruggie Principles” in which he made it clear that the need to respect human rights encompasses, differently but equally, States and business.
I was fortunate to join him in 2005 at the very beginning of the amazing journey that was his mandate as Special Representative of the Secretary General on Business and Human Rights - in the glory days of his team of one at the time. It was a transition period in a field of business and human rights that did not yet really exist, as we moved from the rigor and frustration of stalled debates to the elegance and apparent simplicity of a corporate responsibility to respect all human rights all the time.
The adoption of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights marked the end of the mandate and only the beginning of the end of curbing corporate abuses, but these Principles have since concretely touched the lives of many people, which was John’s overarching objective. They are maybe also one of the best examples of John’s most striking quality: to articulate complex and sometimes truly revolutionary concepts in such an obvious and clear manner that they get accepted without (much) debate and, more importantly, they get acted upon. As he told me once, he had seen enough suffering in his life not to do everything he could to improve the situation as much as he could. And that he did.
John’s brilliance in this field and more broadly in global governance is well-known and will be rightly celebrated. Less widely known is that he was also an amazingly generous human being, gracious to those who worked with him, treating us as members of an extended family. Working together was more than being a colleague, it was a life-long connection with John and Mary, his beloved wife of more than five decades. And sometimes also a marathon, as they would start dancing late in the evening after a long day of work somewhere in the world.
In the conclusion to his tribute to his favorite boss Kofi Annan in 2018, John wrote “Kofi had the ability to inspire those of us who worked closely with him to achieve things we never thought we could. Sadly, he has passed. But his inspiration lives on—as do the many legacies he bequeathed to us all.”
Ditto, my friend, ditto.
